Lowering the speed for world economic growth

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It seems everywhere you look these days economies are gearing down to much slower speeds. Indeed, some economies are already at a standstill (or even moving in reverse) and it's likely more will soon follow.

Whether it's North America and Europe or even China and India, the story is much the same – the world's largest economies are running out of gas. Despite the best efforts of central banks and finance ministries, even unprecedented fiscal and monetary stimulus aren't enough to keep the global economic recovery from stalling.

In China, the days of heady double-digit growth rates look to be over. The latest GDP projections see growth sinking into the 8 per cent range, a pace that itself may be unsustainable. Even China's seemingly indefatigable manufacturing sector, which is responsible for more factory output than that of any other country, is beginning to look tired. The last time that happened, Beijing came to the rescue with a 4-trillion yuan stimulus package. But that was during the global recession in 2008. This time around that kind of massive stimulus may help to fill order books, but it would also surely start a bonfire under inflation at the same time.

The economic outlook is similar in India. Growth there has decelerated to 5 per cent, the slowest pace in nearly a decade. And even that may not be sustainable given that inflation is now chugging along at more than 7 per cent.

Even with slower growth, China and India remain bright spots for the global economy. Hardly a day seems to pass without more bad news coming out of the euro zone. In Spain, money is pouring out of the banking system, with more than $80-billion (U.S.) fleeing for safer havens in the last month alone. And with good reason. Investors need only look to Greece for evidence of what a punishing recession will do to a country's banks. Greece is about to leave the European Monetary Union and Spain won't be far behind. An exodus of the euro zone's weaker members bodes poorly for the stronger economies of northern Europe. Without the drag of the struggling PIIGS (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, Spain) to hold down its value, a soaring euro will batter German exports, one of the few remaining stalwarts of an otherwise moribund EU economy.

The outlook for North America is also sobering. The most recent U.S. employment report shows the economy added a paltry 69,000 jobs, hardly the kind of job creation needed to keep a struggling economic recovery on the rails. In both the U.S. and Canada, GDP growth has already dipped below 2 per cent.

What makes such modest growth numbers even more troubling is the amount of stimulus that's already been used to create today's tenuous recovery. Central banks are keeping interest rates at or near zero, while huge fiscal deficits are already commonplace. In that context, it's far from obvious what economic levers governments have left to pull to fight the next round of recessions that are threatening the global economy.

(Jeff Rubin is an author and former chief economist of CIBC World Markets. His latest book is " The End of Growth." Read more from Jeff Rubin on his Globe and Mail page. )