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Media reported the Senate intelligence committee is calling in Donald Trump Jr. to answer questions about his 2017 testimony to the panel as part of its probe into Russian election interference.NICHOLAS KAMM/AFP/Getty Images

Republicans lashed out Thursday at fellow GOP Senator Richard Burr for his committee’s subpoena of U.S. President Donald Trump’s son, a move that suggested the Russia investigation is not “case closed” as some in the party insist. Mr. Trump said he was “very surprised” at the move.

The revolt by some against the Senate intelligence committee chairman comes after the Associated Press and other news outlets reported the panel is calling in Donald Trump Jr. to answer questions about his 2017 testimony to the panel as part of its probe into Russian election interference. But the issue of recalling Mr. Trump’s son laid bare conflict inside the President’s party over whether probes involving Russian election meddling are still merited.

It’s the first known subpoena of a member of Mr. Trump’s immediate family and a new sign that the Senate panel is continuing with its own two-year-long investigation, even after the release of special counsel Robert Mueller’s report and Republican Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell’s call from the Senate floor on Tuesday to move on.

A source familiar with the committee’s deliberations said the subpoena went out “weeks ago” and all committee members were aware of it. The person, who requested anonymity to discuss the internal negotiations, said members had been regularly briefed on communications with Mr. Trump Jr.

Still, the subpoena appeared to catch the President and many of his allies by surprise. Mr. Trump said as much, adding that “my son is a very good person.” Mr. Trump Jr., the President said, had already testified for a “massive” amount of time.

Chief of staff Mick Mulvaney said Thursday he was not given a heads-up. But Mr. Trump’s advisers had not yet decided if he would publicly attack Mr. Burr, according to two Republicans close to the White House not authorized to speak publicly about private discussions.

The subpoena highlights a delicate bind facing Mr. Burr, a third-term senator who is not expected to run for re-election when his term is up in 2022. He has been adamant that the panel’s Russia probe be bipartisan and fair. But he was named in Mr. Mueller’s report as having possibly shared information with the White House after a confidential FBI briefing in 2017. Mr. Burr has said through a spokeswoman that he doesn’t remember the conversation.

The blowback against him inside the Senate was especially fierce from Republicans up for re-election in 2020.

“This case is closed. The Mueller Report cleared DonaldJTrumpJr and he’s already spent 27 hours testifying before Congress,” tweeted Mr. Burr’s fellow North Carolina Republican senator, Thom Tillis. “It’s time to move on & start focusing on issues that matter to Americans.”

Senator John Cornyn, a Texas Republican, said he understands the Mr. Trump Jr.’s “frustration.”

“I think we have an important job to do to try to keep the intelligence committee out of politics,” he added. Mr. Cornyn later said he has confidence in Mr. Burr.

Criticism also came from the top Republican in the House.

“Endless investigations– by either party – won’t change the fact that there was NO collusion. It’s time to move on. It’s time to focus on ISSUES, not investigations,” tweeted House Minority Leader Kevin McCarthy, a Republican from California.

But Florida Senator Marco Rubio, a Republican member of the panel, said he thinks the criticism of Mr. Burr is “a fundamental misunderstanding of what the Senate intelligence committee is about,” which is congressional oversight and not prosecution.

The suggestion that Mr. Burr is failing to properly lead the committee is the first real sign of any dissention among its members, who have worked together quietly since the panel’s Russia investigation began in early 2017. Mr. Burr and the top Democrat on the committee, Virginia Senator Mark Warner, have often won praise from the panel’s members, and also from Mr. McConnell, throughout.

As the subpoena drew criticism from GOP ranks, Republicans scrambled Thursday to develop a more cohesive response.

Mr. McConnell said in his Tuesday speech that it was “case closed” on the Mueller probe, but his office noted that he didn’t go so far as to say the intelligence panel’s work was done. Mr. McConnell’s speech noted the importance of the committee’s “upcoming report.”

Mr. Mueller did not find evidence that Mr. Trump conspired with the Russians to meddle in the 2016 campaign, but did not make a recommendation on whether he obstructed justice.

Mr. Burr’s committee had renewed interest in talking to Mr. Trump Jr. after Mr. Trump’s former lawyer, Michael Cohen, testified earlier this year. Mr. Cohen told a House committee in February that he had briefed Mr. Trump Jr. approximately 10 times about a plan to build a Trump Tower in Moscow before the presidential election. Mr. Trump Jr. told the Senate judiciary committee in a separate interview in 2017 he was only “peripherally aware” of the proposal.

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